Ferdinand I of Portugal

Ferdinand I of Portugal, born on October thirty-first, thirteen forty-five, ascended to the throne in thirteen sixty-seven, ruling until his death in thirteen eighty-three. His reign was marked by a series of challenges, including the struggle for legitimacy and the quest for a male heir.

Known as 'the Inconstant' (o Inconstante), Ferdinand's rule was characterized by political maneuvering and territorial claims. In thirteen sixty-nine, he briefly held the title of King of Galicia, a claim he maintained until thirteen seventy-three, showcasing his ambitions beyond the borders of Portugal.

Despite his efforts, Ferdinand faced a significant dilemma: the absence of legitimate male heirs. This lack of succession led to the tumultuous period known as the 1383–85 crisis, which plunged Portugal into an interregnum following his death.