Frances Ames

Frances Ames, born on April 20, 1920, in Pretoria, South Africa, emerged as a formidable force in the fields of neurology and human rights activism. Raised in poverty in Cape Town, she shattered barriers by becoming the first woman to earn a Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Cape Town in 1964. Her career was marked by a commitment to medical ethics and social justice, particularly highlighted by her role in the inquiry into the tragic death of anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko.

Ames was instrumental in leading a medical ethics inquiry following Biko's death due to medical neglect while in police custody. When the South African Medical and Dental Council failed to take action against the medical professionals involved, she, along with a group of five dedicated academics and physicians, embarked on an arduous eight-year legal battle. Their relentless pursuit of justice culminated in a landmark victory at the South African Supreme Court in 1985, a testament to her courage and determination.

In addition to her advocacy work, Ames made significant contributions to the field of neurology. She studied the effects of cannabis on the brain and became an early advocate for its medicinal use, recognizing its therapeutic benefits for patients. After heading the neurology department at Groote Schuur Hospital until her retirement in 1985, she continued to share her knowledge through lectures at Valkenberg and Alexandra Hospital.

Following the end of apartheid in 1994, Ames testified at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, further solidifying her legacy as a champion of human rights. In recognition of her unwavering commitment to justice and medical ethics, she was awarded the Star of South Africa by Nelson Mandela in 1999, the highest civilian honor in the country.