Grigory Orlov

Grigory Orlov, born on October sixth, seventeen thirty-four, was a prominent Russian general and a distinguished patron of the arts. He held the title of Prince of the Holy Roman Empire in seventeen seventy-two and became a favored confidant of Empress Catherine the Great. Orlov played a pivotal role in the coup of seventeen sixty-two, which resulted in the overthrow of Catherine's husband, Peter III, thereby facilitating her rise to power as the reigning empress.

For several years, Orlov was effectively co-ruler alongside Catherine, wielding significant influence in the Russian court. However, his numerous infidelities and the growing resentment from Catherine's other advisors ultimately led to his decline in favor and power.

As a patron of the arts, Orlov provided financial support to notable figures such as M. V. Lomonosov, D. I. Fonvisin, and V. I. Bazhenov. His commitment to the arts was recognized when he became an honorary member of the Imperial Academy of Arts in seventeen sixty-five. Orlov was also an avid collector, amassing a remarkable collection of paintings, including works by Rembrandt, P. P. Rubens, and Titian, as well as sculptures and exquisite porcelain from China, Japan, and Russia.

A large landowner, Orlov commissioned the construction of the Great Gatchina Palace, which remains a testament to his legacy. His extensive collection has been preserved almost entirely and is now housed in the State Museum-Reserve 'Gatchina' in the city of the same name.