John Buford

John Buford Jr. was born on March 4, 1826, in Kentucky, a state divided by the tensions of the Civil War. He graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1848, embarking on a career that would see him rise to the rank of major general in the Union Army. His loyalty to the United States was unwavering, and he played a significant role in the fight against the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia as part of the Army of the Potomac.

Buford's early military career included commanding a cavalry brigade under Major General John Pope, where he distinguished himself at the Second Battle of Bull Run in August 1862, despite sustaining injuries. He also participated in the Battle of Antietam and Stoneman's Raid in the spring of 1863, showcasing his tactical prowess and leadership skills.

His most notable contribution came during the Battle of Gettysburg, where he arrived in the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on June 30, 1863, ahead of Confederate forces. On July 1, Buford's division faced a Confederate attack led by Major General Henry Heth. His strategic placement of vedettes allowed Union reinforcements to arrive in time, ultimately leading to a Union victory after three days of intense fighting.

Following Gettysburg, Buford continued to serve the Army, participating in the pursuit of Robert E. Lee and the Bristoe Campaign. However, his health began to decline, likely due to typhoid fever. Just before his untimely death at the age of thirty-seven, he received a personal promotion to major general of volunteers from President Abraham Lincoln, recognizing his exceptional tactical skill and leadership during the pivotal first day of the Battle of Gettysburg.