Lima

Lima, the vibrant capital and largest city of Peru, is a dynamic metropolis nestled in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac, and Lurín Rivers. Overlooking the Pacific Ocean, it serves as the political, cultural, financial, and commercial heart of the nation. Recognized for its geostrategic significance, the Globalization and World Cities Research Network has classified Lima as a 'beta' tier city, highlighting its importance on the global stage.

With a population of approximately ten million residents, Lima stands as the second-most populous city in South America and the largest Spanish-speaking city worldwide in terms of city proper population. The Lima Metropolitan Area, which seamlessly integrates with the coastal city of Callao, boasts a total population of over ten million, while the broader urban agglomeration, including additional districts in Callao, reaches an impressive eleven million inhabitants, making it one of the most densely populated urban areas globally.

Historically, Lima was named by the indigenous people of the region, known as Limaq, and it rose to prominence as the capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru. Following the Peruvian War of Independence, it became the capital of the Republic of Peru. Today, nearly one-third of the national population resides within its metropolitan boundaries, underscoring its central role in the country.

Lima is not only a hub of national activity but also a key player in regional diplomacy and trade. As the headquarters of the Andean Community, it has hosted significant international events, including the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Meetings and the Annual Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group. The city was selected to host the 2019 Pan American Games, marking the largest sporting event in Peru's history, and is set to welcome the games again in 2027.