Makuuchi

Makuuchi, known as the pinnacle of professional sumo, represents the top division among the six classifications of this ancient sport. This elite category is comprised of forty-two wrestlers, or rikishi, who are ranked into five distinct tiers based on their performance in prior tournaments. The makuuchi division is the sole category featured in NHK's standard live broadcasts, providing viewers with bilingual English commentary, while lower divisions are accessible only through satellite coverage.

The term 'makuuchi' translates to 'inside the curtain,' a nod to the historical practices of professional sumo. In its early days, a curtained-off area was designated for the top-ranked wrestlers, allowing them a space to await their bouts in a manner befitting their status.

Promotion and demotion within the ranks of makuuchi are determined by the wrestlers' performance in the preceding grand tournament. A favorable record, characterized by more wins than losses, leads to promotion, while a negative record results in demotion. The criteria for ascending to the top two ranks are particularly stringent, reflecting the prestige associated with these positions.