Mark Meadows

Mark Meadows, born on July 28, 1959, is a prominent American politician and business executive who served as the 29th White House Chief of Staff from 2020 to 2021 under the Trump administration. A member of the Republican Party, he represented North Carolina's 11th congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2013 until his resignation in March 2020. Meadows was a founding member of the Freedom Caucus and chaired it from 2017 to 2019, establishing himself as one of the most conservative lawmakers in Congress.

During his legislative career, Meadows played a significant role in the 2013 federal government shutdown and was a vocal critic of then-Speaker John Boehner. His close alliance with Donald Trump was evident throughout his tenure, culminating in his appointment as Chief of Staff, where he influenced the administration's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Meadows advocated for less stringent guidelines for vaccine trials and sought to align the messaging of health experts with Trump's narrative.

After the 2020 presidential election, Meadows was involved in efforts to contest the election results. His refusal to cooperate with the January 6 Select Committee led to him being held in criminal contempt of Congress, marking a historic moment as the first White House Chief of Staff to face such a charge since the Watergate scandal. The Justice Department ultimately declined to prosecute him.

In 2022, Meadows was ordered to testify before a grand jury in Georgia regarding attempts to overturn the election results. He faced indictment in August 2023, becoming the second Chief of Staff in history to face criminal charges. Further legal troubles followed in April 2024, when he was indicted in Arizona for alleged efforts to subvert the election outcome. However, on November 9, 2025, Meadows received a presidential pardon from Trump, closing a tumultuous chapter in his political career.