Maulana Azad

Abul Kalam Ghulam Muhiyuddin, widely known as Maulana Azad, was born on November 11, 1888, and became a prominent figure in India's struggle for independence. As a multifaceted individual, he excelled as a politician, journalist, writer, scholar, and freedom fighter. His leadership within the Indian National Congress was pivotal, and he made history as the first Minister of Education in independent India, a role through which he laid the groundwork for the nation's educational framework.

In his early years, Azad showcased his literary talent by composing poetry in Urdu and writing treatises on religion and philosophy. His journalistic endeavors were marked by a fierce critique of British colonial rule and a passionate advocacy for Indian nationalism. He played a significant role in the Khilafat Movement, where he collaborated closely with Mahatma Gandhi, and later became a staunch supporter of Gandhi's principles of non-violent civil disobedience.

Azad's commitment to the cause of Swaraj (self-rule) and the promotion of Swadeshi (indigenous products) was evident in his active participation in the non-cooperation movement against the 1919 Rowlatt Acts. At the age of thirty-five, he made history by becoming the youngest President of the Indian National Congress in 1923. His vision extended to education, as he was instrumental in the establishment of Jamia Millia Islamia, advocating for its independence from British influence.

Throughout his political career, Azad was a key organizer of significant movements, including the Dharasana Satyagraha in 1931, and he emerged as a leading voice for Hindu-Muslim unity, secularism, and socialism. His tenure as Congress president from 1940 to 1945 coincided with the Quit India movement, during which he faced imprisonment alongside other Congress leaders. His efforts to foster communal harmony were also reflected in his work with the Al-Hilal newspaper.