Mohamed Morsi

Mohamed Morsi, born on August eighth, nineteen fifty-one, was a prominent Egyptian politician, engineer, and professor who made history as the fifth president of Egypt from two thousand twelve to two thousand thirteen. His presidency came to an abrupt end when General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi orchestrated a coup d'état following widespread protests in June two thousand thirteen. Morsi was affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood and led the Freedom and Justice Party, which emerged as a significant political force after the Egyptian Revolution of two thousand eleven.

Born in El Adwah, Sharqia Governorate, Morsi pursued his education in metallurgical engineering at Cairo University before advancing to materials science at the University of Southern California. He served as an associate professor at California State University, Northridge, from nineteen eighty-two to nineteen eighty-five, after which he returned to Egypt to teach at Zagazig University. His political career began as an independent candidate in the two thousand parliamentary elections, during a time when the Muslim Brotherhood was barred from holding office under President Hosni Mubarak.

Following the revolution that led to Mubarak's resignation, Morsi rose to prominence as the head of the Freedom and Justice Party, which became the largest party in the parliamentary elections of two thousand eleven and twelve. On June thirtieth, two thousand twelve, he was officially handed authority by the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, marking the end of six decades of military rule in Egypt. However, his presidency was marred by controversy, particularly after he issued a provisional constitutional declaration in November two thousand twelve that granted him extensive powers.

Despite a new constitution being approved by approximately two-thirds of voters in a referendum, Morsi faced significant opposition and protests, culminating in his ousting in June two thousand thirteen. The military, supported by political opposition and religious leaders, suspended the constitution and appointed Adly Mansour as interim president. Following his removal, Morsi was charged with various crimes, including inciting violence, and faced a death penalty that was later overturned in November two thousand sixteen. Tragically, Morsi died during a trial on June seventeenth, two thousand nineteen, amid allegations of inadequate medical care while in custody.