Proculus

Proculus, a Roman usurper and military personnel, emerged as a notable figure during the tumultuous period of the late third century. Hailing from Albingaunum, modern-day Albenga in Liguria, Italy, he was born into a noble family with a controversial lineage, as his ancestors were known brigands. This background contributed to his considerable wealth, enabling him to arm two thousand slaves from his latifundia when he seized imperial power in the West.

In the year two hundred eighty, Proculus was approached by the citizens of Lugdunum, who were rebelling against Emperor Probus. Seizing the opportunity, he proclaimed himself joint emperor alongside Bonosus. His military ambitions were evident, having commanded multiple legions as a tribune. Proculus achieved notable victories, including the defeat of the Alamanni, earning him a reputation for glory, albeit through tactics that were often described as brigand-like.

Despite his initial successes, Proculus's bid for power was fraught with challenges. After returning from a campaign against the Sassanids in Syria, he faced the might of Probus, who forced him to retreat. In a desperate attempt to secure support, Proculus turned to the Franks, but was ultimately betrayed and handed over to Probus. The emperor, known for his moderation, had Proculus executed around the year two hundred eighty-one, yet spared the lives and fortunes of his family, who chose to remain in Albingaunum.

Proculus's legacy is further complicated by a letter attributed to him, which boasts of his conquests in love, claiming to have taken one hundred maidens from Sarmatia. This letter, while possibly fictitious, highlights the flamboyant character of Proculus, who, alongside his co-usurper Bonosus, was noted for their indulgences in both warfare and revelry.