Riek Machar

Riek Machar, born in 1953, is a prominent South Sudanese politician who has held the position of vice president multiple times, most recently serving as the first vice president since 2020. A member of the Nuer ethnic group, Machar's academic journey includes engineering degrees from Khartoum University and the University of Bradford.

In 1984, he joined the Sudanese People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M) to fight for southern independence during the Second Sudanese Civil War. However, a significant rift with SPLA/M leader John Garang led to his expulsion from the group in 1991, prompting him to establish the SPLA-Nasir splinter faction. That same year, he was implicated in the Bor Massacre, where his forces were responsible for the deaths of at least two thousand Dinka civilians.

Over the years, Machar commanded various rebel groups and militias, including the SPLA-United, the South Sudan Independence Movement/Army (SSIM/A), the South Sudan Defence Forces (SSDF), and the Sudan People's Defense Forces/Democratic Front (SPDF). In 2002, he reconciled with Garang and rejoined the SPLA/M.

Following the conclusion of the Second Sudanese Civil War in 2005, Machar was appointed Vice President of the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region under President Salva Kiir Mayardit. After South Sudan gained independence in 2011, he continued in the role of Vice President of the newly established republic.

In 2025, Machar faced serious legal challenges when he was charged with treason and murder related to an attack on a military base earlier that year. This led to his suspension from the first vice presidency and subsequent trial.